The third largest Italian island (22,350 hectares), with 147 km of coastline; maximum east-west development (between Punta Nera and Capo Pero) 27 km; north-south (between Capo Vita and Punta dei Ripalti) 18 km.

It is 10 km from the coast of Piombino, 40 from Capraia and 50 from Corsica. Administratively divided into eight municipalities: Campo nell'Elba, Capoliveri, Marciana, Marciana Marina, Porto Azzurro, Portoferraio, Rio Marina, Rio nell'Elba. The Province is of Livorno. Inhabitants: 30,122 as of 31.12.2000 of which 1/5 lives in the inhabited centers distributed as follows: 11,935 in the municipality of Portoferraio, 4,362 in that of Campo nell'Elba, 3,383 Porto Azzurro; 3,059 Capoliveri; 2,273 Rio Marina; 2,271 Marciana; 1,894 Marciana Marina; 945 Rio nell'Elba.